Early Russian History  (Britannica.com). The Rise of Kiev  (Britannica.com). The Lands of the Rus.  (Britannica.com). Medieval Russia -- History and Timelines. The Cyrillic Alphabet. Sts. Cyril and Methodius. The Other Millenial Superpower--the Decline of the Byzantine Empire. The Fall of Constantinople in 1453. The Death of Constantine XI. The History of Istanbul. The Seljuk Turks. Seljuk Civilization. Turkish Odyssey: the Seljuk Period. The End of Europe's Middle Ages -- The Ottoman Turks. Jerusalem During the Ottoman Period. Turkification. The Battle of Manzikert  (Britannica.com).