KEY PERSONALITIES

Richard Arkwrights: He invented the water frame spinning machine.

Edmund Cartwright: He invented the power loom.

Edwin Chadwick: One of the best known urban reformers of his time, Chadwick was secretary of the Poor Law Commission, and searched for facts about the living conditions of the working classes. He depicted his findings in, Report on the Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britian. Chadwick advocated a system of modern sanitary reforms. His efforts aided in the establishment of a National Board of Health, which secured the establishment of a modern sanitary system.

Henry Cort: He developed a system called puddling.(This was the process of using coke to burn away impurities in pig iron, thus producing iron of high quality.)

Samuel Crompton: He invented the mule.(A combination of the water frame and spinning jenny.)

Robert Fulton: He was an American who invented the steam ship.

Friedrich List: a German writer, whose book, Natural System of Political Economy, (1844) advocated a rapid program of industrialization as the surest way to develop a nation's strength. He felt the only way to attain that task was through protective tariffs.

James Hargreaves: He invented the spinning jenny. (It made possible the automatic production of cotton thread.)

John Kay: He invented the flying shuttle for textile manufacture.

Robert Owen: He was one of the leaders in the national union movement. He believed in the creation of voluntary associations that would reflect the benefits of cooperative rather than competitive living. Under his direction, a Grand National Consolidated Trade union was formed in 1834. Its purpose was to coordinate a strike for the eight-hour workday.

Adam Smith: He was an economist, whose book, Wealth of Nations, was highly influential concerning capitalism. Among his writings was also a depiction of the division of labor, which helped to establish the factory system.

George Stephenson: He was an American who invented the railroad steam engine.

Eli Whitney: He was an American who invented the cotton gin. It separated seed from raw cotton fiber, and increased the supply of the raw material.