| This Scott, who originally made
musical instruments, also was responsible for perhaps the most
significant invention of the Industrial Revolution - the steam
engine. |
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| The term used to describe the
rapid growth of cities as a large percentage of the population
moved from the country to the city |
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| This machine was invented around
1764 by James Hargreaves. It wound several spools of thread
around a spindle and allowed workers to work with p to 80 spindles
at a time. |
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| This man built a rifle with
interchangeable parts, but he is most famous for building the
cotton gin. |
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| This limited labor by young
children in Britain to an eight hour work day. |
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| Starting in the sixteenth century,
Parliament passed acts that transformed open fields or communally
owned land into privately owned, fenced-in fields that could
be more intensely and profitably farmed by individual owners.
This was known as ?? |
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| A movement of British workers
that attempted to stop the Industrial Revolution through a campaign
of destroying factory machines, which they blamed for unemployment. |
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| In his novel, Hard Times,
this man wrote of the dangerous and polluted environment of
factories and of the discouraged, exhausted workers that were
characteristic of this time in a fictional town called Cokeville. |
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| A new theory of government concerning
economics and trade. It encouraged private ownership of property,
free enterprise, competition, and minimal government interferance
in business. |
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| In 1815, the English Parliament
established this to study factory conditions. They thoroughly
interviewed workers to discover the trueevents of their work
day. |
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| This man published "Principles
of Political Economy and Taxation" in 1817. In it, he justified
low pay and proposed the "iron law of wages," which said that
if wages were left to the laws of supply and demand, they would
fall to near subsistence level. |
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| The passage of this marked a
turning point in British history by increasing the number of
voters, redrawing election zones and eliminating rotten boroughs.
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| This was the largest industrial
city in all of Britain and the center of cotton manufacturing.
One onserver once called it "The enterance to hell realized"
and Elizabeth Gaskell wrote a book exposing the harsh reality
of industrial life here. |
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| This, also known as the German
Customs Union, removed many of the tariff barriers in the German
states and made trade cheaper and easier. |
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| This man was a factory owner
that believed a person's character was formed by the effects
of their environment. As a result, he refused to mistreat his
employees like many of his colleagues. He published "The Formation
of Character" and "A New View of Society" and his cooperative
philosophy influenced several worker's movements and played
an important role in establishing the Grand National Conslidated
Trade Union in 1834. |
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| This political theory was a
backlash to laissez faire capitalism. In it the government owns
and operates the major means of production and distribution,
determines the needs of the people, and plans the economy. |
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| These forbid the formation of
trade unions and worker's strikes in Britain. They were repealed
by Parliament in 1824. |
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| The first truly significant
change in the speed of communication came with the first workable
telegraph which was succesfully demonstrated in 1844. It was
invented by this man. |
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| English philosopher Herbert
Spencer popularized this belief that theory of "survival of
the fittest" should be applied to the marketplace and that concentration
of wealth in the hands of the "fit" would benefit the human
race. |
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| In France, this encouraged business
interests, kept taxes low, and sometimes maintained high tariffs
that protected special interests, therefore not following the
trend of laissez faire government. |
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| In the trade guilds that were
popular at the beginning of the industrial Revolution, this
was the beginning level, before craftsman and master. |
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| Also known as domestic industry,
this was the system in which merchant-manufacturers sought labor
in the counrty side to produce goods. This was partially done
to compete with the guilds. |
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