G l o s s a r y

                                       

                   Constitution of 1793- The issue of whether or not women should be considered citizens was                                                              debated. A deputy present at the convention, Jean Denis Lanjuinaris, argued                                                that women should be excluded from active citizenship.

                   Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (1791)-A document adopted by the National                                                              Assembly that states the expresses of men. The document angered women,                                                              however, since the listed rights did not include them.

                  Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen (1791)-A document written by                                                              Olympe de Gouges in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man                                                              and the Citizen, arguing that women are equal to men.

                   Hotel de Ville-A city hall in Paris to which women marched demanding bread for their children.

                   King Louis XVI-King during the French Revolution who finally complied to return to Paris after the                                                    women’s March to Versailles, bringing loads of flour for bread with him.

Legislative Assembly-The ruling body that attacked the royal palace and                                              took the king captive in August of 1792.

                   National Assembly-Also known as the Constituent Assembly; met to write a new constitution in                                                          which aristocratic privileges were abolished.

                   National Convention-The ruling body of France from 1792-1795. A group of women appealed to                                                              them for lower bread prices and accosted the deputies when the committee                                                              adjourned until another day.

                   National Guard-The citizens’ militia lead by Marquis de Lafayette that followed the women on                                                     the March to Verasailles in 1792.

                   Olympe de Gouges-The pen name for Marie Gouze, a butcher’s daughter who wrote plays and                                                             pamphlets and later published the Declaration of the Rights of Woman                                                             and the Female Citizen.

                   Paris Commune-A radical assembly led by Georges Danton that forbade women to be present at                                                      the meetings and outlawed women’s clubs.

                   rThe Reign of Terror-A state established by the National Convention and the Committee for Public                                                  Safety that abdicated any person opposed to their actions. Victims included                                                  royalists, such as Marie Antoinette, former revolutionary Girondists, including                                                  Olympe de Gouges, and thousands of peasants.

                   Salons-Gathering places for ideas and views where women, as hostesses, were able to influence                                     political opinion. Later, complaints against females’ influences led to the decline of salons                                     in the French Revolution.

                   Society for Revolutionary Republican Women-Founded in 1793 by an actress and a chocolate                                      manufacturer. Composed mostly of working class women, they saw themselves as a                                      "family of sisters."

                   Versailles-The home of King Louis XVI to which thousands of women went to confront the king and                                          the National Assembly after leaving the Hotel de Ville.

                   A Vindication of the Rights of Woman-A document written by Mary Wollestonecraft in 1792,                                      attacking the oppression of women and arguing for educational changes.

                   Helen Maria Williams-A British writer who went to France in 1790 and quickly became an advocate                                      for what is now known as liberal feminism.

                   Mary Wollestonecraft-The British author who wrote A Vindication for the Rights of Woman; she                                      is seen as one of the first modern feminists.



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