Document #10 |
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DBQ Question |
What were the feelings of the Western Europeans and native colonial peoples about the impact of 19th century Imperialism? |
Document #1 |
| Finance capital is not only interested
in the already known sources of raw materials; it is also interested in potential souces
of raw materials....Imperialism emerged as the development and direct continuaation of the
fundamental attributesof capitalism in general....it is the monopoly stage of
capitalism....we must give a definition of imperialism that will embrace the following
five essential features: 1. The concentration of production and capital developed to such a high stage that it created monopolies which play a decisive role in economic life. 2. The merging of bank capital with industrial capital, and the creation, on the basis of this "finance capital," of a "financial oligarchy." 3. The export of capital, which has become extrememly important, as distinguished from the export of commodities. 4. The formation of international capitalist monopolies which share the world among themselves. 5. The territorial division of the whole world among the greatest capitalist powers is completed.
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The Highest Stage of Capitalism V.I. Lenin |
Document #2 |
| A favorite explanation of why European imperialism turned abruptly has been the economic....Cotton grew better in Egypt...Rubber could be gotten from the Congo...Copra, with its useful oil, was to be had in the South Sea islands...Tin was essential...Sugar cane and coffee, cocoa and tea, bananas and dates were very paltable to the enlarging European multitude. |
Bases of a New National Imperialism Carlton J.H. Hayes |
Document #3 |
| All explanations of European expansion so far considered have three common features. All were "Eurocentric" in that they concentrated on problems and ideas within Europe and North America. All treated imperialism as a positive phenomenon: Europe deliberately acquired new colonies because she needed or wanted them. |
Imperialism and the Periphery D.K. Fieldhouse |
Document #4 |
| The partition of Africa and the delimitation of its borders are generally considered to have been arbitrary acts imposed by the European powers without reference to local conditions. Many Europeans used to view the Africans as simple savages and passive objects of the scramble. Many African nationalist viewed the Africans as the passive victims of the scramble....The treaties being part of the process of European colonial expansion...European motives for making treaties with African rulers were manifold. Foremost among them was the expectation that such treaties could be used to support claims for international recognition of teritorial pretensions....a large number of the treaties could be considered fraudulent. Some were forgeries. |
| Treaty-Making and the Scramble Saadia Touval |
Document #5 |
| At these different stages of African history the African struggle took different forms. Up to 1870 it often took the form of uprisings of slaves against slavers. it was the struggle of coastal, very often separate, tribes and people....The period between 1870-1900 is usually thought of in Africa as a struggle between European powers competing against each other. But in reality at that time the struggle between imperialist countries was much less bloody than skirmishes between colonialists on one side and Africans on the other side. It was the time when tribal and feudal African societies showed the most decisive resistance to colonization... |
| Resistance to the Scramble and to European Colonial Rule A. B. Davidson |
Document #6 |
| Nevertheless, in Black Africa there was no state so developed as that of the Boers, Ethiopians or Malgaches. For this reason the defensive struggle for liberty and independence in the majority of African countries took the form of a tribal movement and insurrection. |
| Necessary Phase in European Capitalistic Exploitation Endre Sik |
Document #7 |
| To serve your captives' need;… Your new-caught sullen peoples, Half devil and half child… And when your goal is nearest (The end for others sought) Watch sloth and heathen folly, Bring all your hope to nought… The silent sullen peoples, Shall weigh your God and you… |
The White Man's Burden Rudyard Kipling |
Document #8 |
| ...The decades of Imperialism have been prolific in wars; most of these wars have been directly motivated by aggression of white races upon "lower races," and have issued in the forcible seizure of territory. Every one of the steps of expansion has been accompanied by bloodshed...So long as this competitive expansion for territory and foreign markets is permitted to misrespect itself as "national policy" the antagonism of interests seems real, and the peoples must sweat and bleed and toil to keep up an ever more expensive machinery of war....The condition of the white rulers of these lower racesis distinctively parasititc; they live upon these natives, their chief work being that of organising native labour for their support.The normal state of this country is one in which the most fertile lands and the mineral resources are owned by white aliens and worked by natives under their direction, primarily for their gain...The relations subsisting between the superior and the inferior nations, commonly established by pure force, and rest on that basis... |
| An Early Critique of Imperialism John A. Hobson |
Document #9 |
Article 35 The Signatory powers of the present Act recognize the obligations to insure the establishment of authority in the regions occupied by them on the coasts of the African... |
| General Act of the Conference of Berlin , 1885 |
Document #10 |
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