bullet 1840-1960- Trade Unionism (Spartacus)
bullet "American Economic Growth" outline
bullet Between a Rock and a Hard Place:  A History of American Sweatshops from 1820 to the Present (Smithsonian Institute)
bullet The Biography of America:  The Industrial Revolution (1776-1861) - Annenberg/CPB
bullet Boardinghouses at Lowell, MA (.pdf file)
bullet "Carey & Lea, Printer and Publisher- Seasonal Variations in its Business Cycle, 1833-1836" - Richard H. Gassan (essay)
bullet The Eli Whitney Museum
bullet A History of Chicago from Trading Post to Metropolis - Technology & Change
bullet In An Era of Great Change--Exploring Vermont:  1820-1850
bullet Labor History Timeline:  1778-1991
bullet Lowell National Historical Park
bullet Map-->"U. S. Fifty States No Labels Black-and-White Outline Map"
bullet Map-->"U. S. Physical Map--Black-and-White Outline"
bullet Map-->"U. S. Physical and Political Black-and-White Outline Map"
bullet The Mill Girls (.pdf file)
bullet The Nineteenth Century in Print- Periodicals
bullet Samuel Slater:  Father of the American Industrial Revolution
bullet Slater Mill Historic Site


 

                        
                               How to read a primary source document

bullet 1793:  Cotton Gin Petition - Eli Whitney
bullet early 19c: “The Treatment of the Help in Those Days Was Cruel” - Hiram Munger Remembers Factory Life
bullet 1810:  “I Entered into Business, with Hope, Confidence, and Activity” - Ann Carson Becomes an Independent Entrepreneur
bullet 1812:  Eli Whitney's Patent for the Cotton Gin
bullet 1826:  “The Natural Tie Between Master and Apprentice has been Rent Asunder”- An Old Apprentice Laments Changes in the Workplace
bullet 1826:  Sources and Effects of Unequal Wealth - Langdon Byllesby
bullet 1827:  Preamble of the Mechanics Union of Free Trade Associations
bullet 1827:  "Slave labour employed in manufactures ..." [Signed] Hamilton, Philadelphia (10/2) - broadside
bullet 1829:  The Plan of the Cincinnati Labour for Labour Store - Josiah Warren
bullet 1829:  The Report and Resolutions of the Committee of Fifty (NY)
bullet 1829:  The Rights of Man to Property! - Thomas Skidmore
bullet 1829:  "View of Erie Canal" - watercolor by John William Hill
bullet 1829:  The Working Men's Declaration of Independence - George H. Evans
bullet 1830:  "Address to the Free People of Colour of these United States" - Richard Allen on behalf of the colored citizens of Philadelphia (9/20-24)
bullet 1830:  Workingman's Party Platform
bullet 1831:  "An Address to the Working Men of New England" - Seth Luther (pamphlet excerpt)
bullet 1832:  Excerpt from An Address to the Working-Men of New-England
bullet 1834:  Boston Transcript reports on the Strike
bullet 1834:  "Early Habits of Industry" - The Mother's Magazine
bullet 1834:  Poem/Song Lyrics of the Lowell Factory Girls (1834, 1836)
bullet 1834:  Report of the National Trades' Union Convention (NY)
bullet 1834:  Resolution on Land - National Trades' Union (8/29)
bullet 1835:  "The Canal Boat", New England Magazine - Nathaniel Hawthorne
bullet 1835:  The Demand for a 10-Hour Work Day by Boston Artisans
bullet 1835:  “Factories are talked about as schools of vice” - Elias Nason Considers Careers
bullet 1835:  Statistics of Lowell manufactures, January 1, 1835. Compiled from authentic sources
bullet 1835:  Ten-Hour Circular (Boston)
bullet 1836:  An Account of a Visitor to Lowell
bullet 1836:  Equal Rights Party's "Declaration of Rights"
bullet 1836:  The Harbinger - Female Workers at Lowell, MA 
bullet 1836:  Harriet Robinson, Lowell Mill Girl - recollection of the strike of 1836
bullet 1836:  Inequality of the Human Condition - WIlliam Leggett
bullet 1836:  "Loom and Spindle" - Harriet Robinson
bullet 1836:  The Lowell Mill Girls Go on Strike
bullet 1836:  The New York Tailors' Strike - various newspaper accounts
bullet 1836:  "What is the Trades' Union?" - Pennsylvanian (2/9)
bullet 1837:  Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge
bullet 1837:  "I never saw a busier place than Chicago …" - Harriet Martineau
bullet 1840-60:  Immigration by Place of Origin:  1840-1860 - chart
bullet 1840-60:  Railroad Growth, 1840-1860 - chart
bullet 1840:  Letters of Emeline Larcom
bullet 1840:  "The Lowell Offering" main page of the factory newspaper
bullet 1840:  Orestes A. Brownson's speech on "Free Labor"
bullet 1840:  "White slavery!! or selling white men for debt!", Lexington, KY - leaflet (4 pages)
bullet 1841:  "Song of the Spinners" (Lowell Mill, MA)
bullet 1844:  First telegraph message (5/24)
bullet 1844:  A Selection from the Lowell Offering
bullet 1845:  "Female Industrial Association" - New York Herald
bullet 1845:  "The Infancy of American Manufactures: A Brief Chapter from Our National History" - The American Whig Review / Volume 1, Issue 1, Jan 1845
bullet 1845:  Resolutions of the Boston Carpenters' Strike
bullet 1845:  “They Must Work Harder Than Ever” - “A Working Man” Remembers Life in New York City, 1830s
bullet 1845:  “We Call On You to Deliver Us From the Tyrant’s Chain” - Lowell Women Workers Campaign for a Ten Hour Workday
bullet 1845:  "A Week in the Mill" - article in The Lowell Offering
bullet 1845-48:  Letters of Mary Paul
bullet 1845-53:  A Vermont Girl Goes to Work at the Lowell Mills
bullet 1846:  A Description of Early Factory Life - Lowell, MA
bullet 1846:  Recruitment of Lowell Operatives
bullet 1848:  "Industrial Reform" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 23, Issue 126, Dec 1848
bullet 1848:  Lowell Factory Rules
bullet 1850:  An Emigrant's Narrative; or a Voice from the Steerage - William Smith
bullet mid-19c:  An Old New York Cabinet Maker - Experiences of Ernest Hagen
bullet 1853:  Timetable of the Lowell Mills - scanned broadsheet
bullet 1855:  “There Is Something To Be Learned Even in a Country Store” - P.T. Barnum Learns Commerce in a Connecticut Country Store
bullet 1855:  World's Workingmen's Strike against War, four-pages of in Olive Leaves - Elihu Burritt
bullet 1857:  Statistics of Lowell manufacturers. January 1857 - Compiled from authentic sources - broadside
bullet 1860:  "The Age of Progress" - song lyrics
bullet 1860:  “ We Are Not Slaves” - Female Shoe and Textile Workers in Marblehead, MA
bullet 1863:  “Are We Nothing But Living Machines -” A New York Sewing Woman Protests Wages and Working Conditions