bullet African Americans in the Anti-Imperialist Movement
bullet America, Russia, and the Meeting of Frontiers
bullet America's Wars - The Spanish-American War
bullet Anti-Imerialism in the United States:  1898-1935 (Boondocksnet.com)
bullet Benjamin Harrison (1) - PBS Series on the American Presidency
bullet Benjamin Harrison (2) - POTUS site
bullet "The Birth of U. S. Imperialism" - article by Christopher Conway
bullet The Boxer Rebellion
bullet The Canal That Almost Wasn't (History House)
bullet Cartoons of the Early 1900s
bullet Chester A. Arthur (1) - PBS Series on the American Presidency
bullet Chester A. Arthur (2) - POTUS site
bullet Crucible of Empire--The Spanish-American War (PBS)
bullet Documents Relating to American Foreign Policy (1898-1914)
bullet The Great White Fleet:  "Big Stick" Diplomacy Afloat
bullet Grover Cleveland (1) - PBS Series on the American Presidency
bullet Grover Cleveland (2) - POTUS site
bullet Hawaii's Last Queen (The American Experience PBS series)
bullet Ida Saxton McKinley
bullet Images of the Spanish-American War
bullet Make the Dirt FLY! - The Building of the Panama Canal (Smithsonian Institute)
bullet

"Manifest Destiny: The Old v. The New" - chart
bullet Map-->"The Spanish-American War"
bullet "New Manifest Destiny--American Imperialism" - slideshow presentation (57 slides)
bullet The Nineteenth Century in Print- Periodicals
bullet The Papers of Theodore Roosevelt (Avalon Project)
bullet Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age- Nineteenth and Early Twentieth-Century Perspectives (LOC)
bullet "Remember the Maine!" (Smithsonian Magazine)
bullet The Sensational Role of Yellow Journalism
bullet The Spanish-American War Centennial Page
bullet Spanish-American  War in Motion Pictures
bullet "The Spanish-American War in US Media Culture" - essay by James Castonguay in American Quarterly
bullet Theodore Roosevelt (1) - PBS Series on the American Presidency
bullet Theodore Roosevelt (2) - POTUS site
bullet "'The White Man's Burden' and Its Critics" - by Jim Zwick
bullet Things to do in Panama when you Have Yellow Fever (History House)
bullet USS Maine- Remember the Maine (PBS)
bullet Westward by Sea- A Maritime Perspective on American Expansion, 1820-1890 (LOC)
bullet William Howard Taft (1) - PBS Series on the American Presidency
bullet William Howard Taft (2) - POTUS site
bullet William McKinley (1) - PBS Series on the American Presidency
bullet William McKinley (2) - POTUS site
bullet Woodrow Wilson (1) - PBS Series on the American Presidency
bullet Woodrow Wilson (2) - POTUS site
bullet The World of 1898:  The Spanish-American War (LOC)

 


                        
                                How to read a primary source document

bullet 1829:  Treaty between the United States and Hawaii (12/26)
bullet 1833:  Traveler John Ball Visits Hawaii in 1833
bullet 1849:  U. S. Treaty with the Hawaiian Islands (12/20)
bullet 1854:  Commodore Matthew Perry:  When We Landed in Japan
bullet 1854:  Treaty of Kanagawa
bullet 1854:  President Fillmore's Letter to the Emperor of Japan
bullet 1858:  The Treaty of Amity and Commerce Between the United States and Japan (The Harris Treaty)
bullet 1858:  Treaty of Tien-Tsin (6/18/1858)
bullet 1867:  Seward's Alaska Treaty with Russia (3/30)
bullet 1868:  Burlingame-Seward Treaty
bullet 1875:  Treaty of Reciprocity between the United States and the Hawaiian Kingdom (5/31)
bullet 1876-1920:  Voter Participation in Presidential Elections, 1876-1920 - chart
bullet 1884:  Hawai'i-United States Convention (12/6)
bullet 1885:  "The independence of Hawaii" - editorial article from the Pacific Commercial advertiser (7/28)
bullet 1885:  Our Country - Josiah Strong
bullet 1887:  Constitution Kingdom of Hawaii of 1887 (7/6)
bullet 1890:  "American Influence in China" - John Russell Young, North American Review (Aug.)
bullet 1890:  "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History" - Alfred Thayer Mahan in the Oct. issue of Atlantic Monthly
bullet 1890:  "The United States Looking Outward" - Alfred Thayer Mahan in the Dec. issue of Atlantic Monthly
bullet 1891:  "On Anglo-Saxon Predominance" - Josiah Strong
bullet 1892:  Speech by President Grover Cleveland on Hawaii (12/18)
bullet 1893:  President Cleveland's Message on Hawaiian Sovereignty (12/18)
bullet 1893:  World's Parliament of Religions" - Rev. J. H. Barrows - Christianity in Asia
bullet 1895:  "The Business World vs. the Politicians" - Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr.
bullet 1895:  "On American Jurisdiction in the Western Hemisphere" - Richard Olney
bullet 1896:  "America's Interest in Eastern Asia" -  John Barrett, North American Review (March)
bullet 1896:  "American Interests in the Cuban Revolution" - Grover Cleveland
bullet 1897:  Breckenridge Amendment
bullet 1897:  "Chinese Slavery in America" -  Charles Frederick Holder, North American Review (Sept.)
bullet 1898-1900:  Various Documents on the Debate over the Philippines
bullet 1898:  "The Acquisition of the Philippines" - President McKinley
bullet 1898:  "The Aims of Zionism" - Richard Gottheil in a speech given in NYC (11/1)
bullet 1898:  "America's Interests in China" - General James H. Wilson in The North American Review, vol. 166, issue 495 (Feb.)
bullet 1898:  American Soldiers in the Philippines Write Home about the War
bullet 1898:  American Troops in the Phillipines - photo
bullet 1898:  The Annexation of the Hawaiian Islands
bullet 1898:  The Battle of Manila Bay - Admiral George Dewey
bullet 1898:  "The Blowing up of the Maine" - Albert Shaw
bullet 1898:  "Chinese Exclusion" - Robert Green Ingersoll
bullet 1898:  "Civilization Begins at Home" - political cartoon
bullet 1898:  Congressional Medal of Honor winner Frank Anders describes a skirmish during the Philippine Insurrection (sound file)
bullet 1898:  Date With Destiny - The N. G. Gonzales Diary
bullet 1898:  DeLôme Letter
bullet 1898:  "Dewey Smashes Spain's Fleet!" - The World's front page (5/2)
bullet 1898:  "First Speech Against Imperialism" -  William Jennings Bryan, Extract from speech delivered at Trans-Mississippi Exposition, Omaha, Neb. (6/14)
bullet 1898:  Hearst’s Journal Blames Spain
bullet 1898:  "Jefferson Versus Imperialism" - William Jennings Bryan, New York Journal (12/25)
bullet 1898:  "The March of the Flag" - Albert Beveridge (9/16)
bullet 1898:  “A Message to García” - Elbert Hubbard’s Paean to Perseverance
bullet 1898:  The New York World reports the battleship Maine explosion
bullet 1898:  "Our Future on the Pacific - What We Have There to Hold and Win" - G. W. Commodore Melville in The North American Review, vol. 166, issue 496 (Mar.)
bullet 1898:  "Pruebas de cariño" [Signs of Friendship]. El Cardo [The Thistle], Madrid - caricature (2/4)
bullet 1898:  Recognition of the Independence of Cuba
bullet 1898:  "Save Me From My Friends!"  - political cartoon from Puck (9/7)
bullet 1898:  "Seward's Ideas of Territorial Expansion" - Frederic Bancroft in The North American Review, vol. 167, issue 500 (July)
bullet 1898:  "The Star in the East" - drawing for cartoon published in The World (April)
bullet 1898:  A Times Editorial on the Maine Tragedy (2/17)      (another page)
bullet 1898:  "To the Person Sitting in Darkness" - Mark Twain
bullet 1898:  Treaty of Paris, 1898
bullet 1898:  "The War With Spain and After" - Walter Hines (Atlantic Monthly, June)
bullet 1898:  "We'll Stand By the Flag" - sheet music cover
bullet 1898-1900:  Various documents on the debate over the Philippines      (additional documents)
bullet 1899:  "Aguinaldo's Case Against the United States," The North American Review, vol. 169, issue 514 (September)
bullet 1899:  “The Black Man’s Burden” - A Response to Kipling
bullet 1899:  "The Break-up of China and our Interest in It," The Atlantic Monthly, vol. 84, issue 502 (August)
bullet 1899:  The British Reply to the Open Door Note (11/30)
bullet 1899:  Carl Schurz against American Imperialism
bullet 1899:  "Charity Begins at Home" - poem by X-Ray, The Colored American (3/18)
bullet 1899:  "Democracy or Militarism - speech by Jane Addams at the Chicago Liberty Meeting (4/30)
bullet 1899:  "The Filipinos are Right" - Susan Look Avery, The Woman's Journal 30 (3/18)
bullet 1899:  First Open Door Note (Sept.)
bullet 1899:  "His War Record Will Not Hold Up" - political cartoon on Teddy Roosevelt in The Verdict (11/13)
bullet 1899:  "Home Burdens of Uncle Sam" - poem by Anne Manning Comfort (a parody of Kipling's poem)
bullet 1899:  "Imperialism" - political cartoon from The Verdict July 24, 1899 by C. Gordon Moffat
bullet 1899:  "Incapable of Colonization" - Henry B. Blackwell, The Woman's Journal 30 (4/1)
bullet 1899:  "Is He to Be a Despot?" - political cartoon about President McKinley
bullet 1899:  "A Letter from the Filipino Junta" - Galicano Apacible, The Public 2 (6/10)
bullet 1899:  “Liberty Halts American Butchery in the Phillipines" - political cartoon
bullet 1899:  "Lightening the White Man's Burden" - advertisement by Pear's Soap in McClure's Magazine (Oct.)
bullet 1899:  The Open Door Note submitted by U.S. Secretary of State, John Hay (8/6)
bullet 1899:  "The "Open Door" Policy in the Philippines" - Frank D. Pavey in The North American Review, vol. 169, issue 516 (November)
bullet 1899:  “A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets”- A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill
bullet 1899:  "The Philippine Tangle" - William James in the Boston Evening Transcript (3/1)
bullet 1899:  Platform of the American Anti-Imperialist League
bullet 1899:  “The Poor Man’s Burden”- Labor Lampoons Kipling
bullet 1899:  A Puerto Rican Farmer Laments U.S. Control of the Island
bullet 1899:  The Russian Reply to the Open Door Note (12/18)
bullet 1899:  "The Shame of Imperialism" - Frances E. Russell, The Woman's Journal 30 (3/18)
bullet 1899:  "The Way We Get the War News" - political cartoon in The Verdict (8/21)
bullet 1899?:  The War Prayer - Mark Twain
bullet 1899:  "What Next?" By William Jennings Bryan, New York Journal (2/12)
bullet 1899:  "The White Man's Burden" - poem by Rudyard Kipling
bullet 1899:  "The White Man's Burden" - political cartoon in The Detroit Journal (2/18)
bullet 1899-91:  Diary Entries of George Percival Schriven - war in the Philippines
bullet late 1890s:  "The Light of the World" - political cartoon on imperialism in The Ram's Horn  
bullet 1900:  "Aguinaldo's Version of the Philippine Troubles," Literary Digest 20 (2/3)
bullet 1900:  An American Imperialist Vision of Asia" - speech by Senator Alfred J. Beveridge (IN)
bullet 1900:  "America's Share in a Partition of China" -  Demetrius C. Boulger, North American Review (Aug.)
bullet 1900:  "America's Treatment of the Chinese" -  Charles F. Holder, North American Review (Aug.)
bullet 1900:  "The American Policy in China" - Charles W. Dilke The North American Review, vol. 170, issue 522 (May)
bullet 1900:  Anti-Imperialist Homecoming - Mark Twain (10/6 & 15)
bullet 1900:  Antitrust and the 1900 campaign - two political cartoons from The Verdict
bullet 1900:  "Did Senator Hoar Cause the Philippine Rebellion?" Literary Digest 20 (1/27)
bullet 1900:  "The effect of imperialism upon the negro race. Ably set out by a colored man. (Written by Kelly Miller, professor of mathematics in Howard University, Washington, DC for the Springfield Republican. Boston, Mass. Published by the N. E. Anti-Imperialist League" - broadside
bullet 1900:  "The Filipino's Vain Hope of Independence" - Marrion WIlcox The North American Review, vol. 171, issue 526 (Sept.)
bullet 1900:  "The Growth of Our Foreign Policy" - Richard Olney (March)
bullet 1900:  "Imperialism: America's Historic Policy" - W. A. Peffer The North American Review, vol. 171, issue 525 (Aug.)
bullet 1900:  "A Moral Eclipse," By Elwood S. Corser, The Public 3 (12/29)
bullet 1900:  "Our Chinese policy. What we should forfeit in declaring war. 'Most favored nation' treaties to be preserved at all costs - Horace N. Fisher - leaflet
bullet 1900:  "Our Pacific Opportunity" -  John Barrett, Overland Monthly (Feb.)
bullet 1900:  "Our Rights in China" -  Mark B. Dunnell, Atlantic Monthly (Aug.)
bullet 1900:  Speech by William Jennings Bryan to the Democratic National Convention, "The Paralyzing Influence of Imperialism
bullet 1900:  "War as a Moral Medicine" - Goldwin Smith The Atlantic Monthly, vol. 86, issue 518 (Dec.)
bullet 1901:  "The American Flag" - Mark Twain
bullet 1901:  "Democracy and Efficiency" - Woodrow Wilson The Atlantic Monthly, vol. 87, issue 521 (Mar.)
bullet 1901:  "To the American People," By the American Anti-Imperialist League (7/4)
bullet 1901:  "To The Person Sitting in Darkness" - Mark Twain
bullet 1902:  Crosby on Kipling - A Parody of “The White Man’s Burden”
bullet 1903:  "Anti-Imperialism Cost Lives: How Anti-Imperialism Cost the Lives of American Soldiers," Chapter 9 of Fred C. Chamberlain, The Blow from Behind: A Defence of the Flag in the Philippines (Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1903)
bullet 1903:  "Exit Anti-Imperialism," The Independent 55 (9/24)
bullet 1903:  Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (11/18) - Panama Canal
bullet 1903:  Platt Amendment
bullet 1904:  Convention Between the United States and the Republic of Panama
bullet 1904:  "I rather like that imported affair" - political cartoon by Grant Hamilton from Puck (9/21)
bullet 1904:  "The Panama Affair of 1903: Roosevelt--Hay Diplomacy," Open Letter to John Hay, By D. H. Chamberlain (From the New York Times (10/2)
bullet 1904:  "The Philippine Conquest" -  Edgar Lee Masters From The New Star Chamber and Other Essays (Chicago: Hammersmark Publishing Co., 1904)
bullet 1904:  "The Religious Argument" - William Jennings Bryan, The Commoner (12/30)
bullet

1904:  The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine - Theodore Roosevelt’s Annual Message to Congress (12/6)

bullet

1905:  "Filipino Opinion of Reconcentration," El Renacimiento (6/30)
bullet

1905:  Taft-Katsura Agreement
bullet

1905:  Treaty of Portsmouth
bullet

1906:  "The White Man's Burden" - William Jennings Bryan -  Address at the Independence Day Banquet of the American Society of London (7/4)
bullet 1908:  Gentlemen's Agreement
bullet 1919:  Payne-Aldrich Act
bullet 1909:  "The Threat of Japan" - Theodore Roosevelt
bullet 1911:  "The Filipinos as 'Servants and Neighbors,'" El Ideal (6/10)
bullet 1911:  "Patriotism--A Menace to Liberty" - Emma Goldman
bullet 1911:  "Philippine Independence and Territorial Integrity," El Ideal (1/14)
bullet 1911:  Rickover Clears Spain of the Maine Explosion
bullet 1912:  "Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine" - Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr.
bullet 1912:  "Dollar Diplomacy" - President Taft
bullet 1913:  "The Democrats and the Anti-Imperialists," The Filipino People 1 (July)
bullet 1913:  President Wilson's Address to Congress on Mexico
bullet 1913:  "Repudiation of 'Dollar Diplomacy'" - Woodrow Wilson in the American Journal of International Law, Vol. VII
bullet 1914:  Bandits or Patriots -- Documents from Charlemagne Péralte
bullet 1914:  John Reed’s “What About Mexico” - The United States and the Mexican Revolution
bullet 1914?:  "What the United States Has Fought For" - political cartoon on immigration
bullet 1914:  Woodrow Wilson's Speech to Congress Regarding Mexico (The Tampico Affair)
bullet 1915:  “A Danger for All Latin American Countries,” Letters from Venustiano Carranza
bullet 1915:  "There is hard sledding ahead for the missionaries" - political cartoon in the Columbus Dispatch
bullet 1916:  “Avoid the Use of the Word Intervention” - Wilson and Lansing on the U.S. Invasion of Mexico
bullet 1919-20:  “The People Were Very Peaceable” - The U.S. Senate Investigates the Haitian Occupation
bullet 1920:  "Self-Determining Haiti" - report by James Weldon Johnson in The Nation (8/28)
bullet 1920:  “The Truth about Haiti - An NAACP Investigation”
bullet 1921:  "Hearing the Truth About Haiti," By Helena Hill Weed, The Nation 113 (11/9)
bullet 1921:  "Pan-Americanism," By Scott Nearing, Chapter 15 of The American Empire (New York: Rand School of Social Science, 1921)
bullet 1922:  "Haiti under American Occupation" - Ernest H. Gruening, The Century 103 (April)
bullet 1925?:  American Imperialism: The Menace of the Greatest Capitalist World Power By Jay Lovestone (Chicago: Workers Party of America, n.d. [1925])
bullet 1926:  “Conclusions and Recommendations by the Committee of Six Disinterested Americans" - Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF)
bullet 1927:  "Imperialism Is Easy" - John Dewey in The New Republic 50 (3/23)